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Um grupo de cientistas dos Estados Unidos encontrou uma resposta biológica para o fato de idosos sentirem mais frio do que jovens.
Ao analisar como o organismo de ratos de diferentes idades reage ao frio, pesquisadores da Universidade de Yale e da Universidade da Califórnia, nos Estados Unidos, encontraram uma deficiência de um tipo específico de células imunológicas ao longo do tempo.
Os ratos mais velhos perderam um tipo de célula imunológica situada dentro da gordura do corpo, chamadas de ILC2. São estas células que restauram o calor do corpo quando somos expostos a temperaturas mais baixas.
O entendimento deste mecanismo pode, segundo os autores, ser extrapolado também para seres humanos.
Os autores do trabalho, cujo resultado foi publicado na revista científica Cell Metabolism, sequenciaram gentes de camundongos velhos e jovens.
Eles identificaram que os mais velhos não tinham as células ILC2, uma deficiência que limitava a capacidade de queimar gordura e aumentar a temperatura corporal no frio.
Os cientistas também descobriram que estimular a produção deste tipo de célula nos ratos velhos, ao contrário do que a lógica poderia sugerir, deixou-lhes mais propensos à morte em condições de redução significativa das temperaturas ambientais.
Por outro lado, quando transplantaram as células ILC2 dos ratos jovens para os mais velhos, estes restauraram a capacidade de adaptação térmica.
“As células imunológicas desempenham um papel além da defesa de patógeno e ajudam a manter as funções metabólicas normais da vida. Com a idade, o sistema imunológico já mudou, e precisamos ter cuidado como o manipulamos para restaurar a saúde dos idosos", afirmou em comunicado um dos autores do estudo, o professor de imunobiologia Vishwa Deep Dixit, da Universidade de Yale. Fonte: R7
